education
Abstract
psychological health education is the quality of education should have the connotation, is the basic project of quality education. A good psychological quality of the students, can better adapt to the change of external environment, better play to their potential. Therefore, the mental health of contemporary students is particularly important. In the growth period of primary school students have many confusion, psychologically very contradictory, without exchange and talk to the object, there will be serious consequences such as psychological problems. Teachers and parents should grasp the psychological characteristics of pupils, and they exchange, solve their psychological conflicts, as a friend to chat with them, the good atmosphere that once formed, relations between the two sides are communicated, energetic children will open their hearts, put their worries, sadness, worry and fear speak out. Only in this way can the children who are in growth period smoothly through the troubled period, contradiction, make them fragile heart strong. Each person's life is the earliest accept is family education, family education is the starting point and foundation of education. In twenty-first Century the face of new challenges, minors need strong psychological quality. Now the primary school students are the only child in the family, they grew up in the parental care of growth. Child psychology to bear ability, psychological quality has become weakened, also lack the mental exercise and will hone, which is badly in need of our concern and attention. Parents as a child's first teachers, because of its unique advantages, to the child to develop mental health education
has advantages. Mental health education in family is one of the important contents, but also will become the parents' responsibility. \" For every student's development\" concept is coming, it than in the past teaching more attention to each student's the passions, pays attention to person's emotional life and the emotional experience, pay more attention to the moral life and the personality of the students, pay more attention to the dignity of students. The good psychological quality implementation of quality education in our country improve play a decisive role in the.
Key words: primary school students；mental health education； quality education； ways of implementation
Outline
The rapid development of the economy in twenty-first Century, the rich material life, the media information is highly developed ... ... These changes in environmental factors, we are faced with a dream and honed to coexist, the challenges and opportunities, hope and despair is accompanied, joy and pain of symbiosis, the happiness and suffering of parallel. The new century calls for high-quality talent, talent for mental health. In twenty-first Century the demand for high-quality talents for our current education puts forward higher requirements. Therefore to strengthen the psychological health education of Primary School of profound and great significance.
一．Primary school students mental health research 1.Self centered 2.School factors 3.Family factors
二．Teachers of primary and secondary school students mental health education
1.Teachers should have a healthy psychology and master the knowledge of psychological health
2.Pay attention to students' psychological state, and create a good
psychological environment in classroom
3.To satisfy their reasonable needs, from set up the correct outlook on life
4.The establishment of student mental health files, multi-level, all-round track students' Psychology
三．Family on children's psychological health education
1.To carry out family mental health education is the premise of change idea.
2.To carry out family mental health education is the basis for understanding the child.
3.To carry out family mental health education is the key to trust the children. 4.To carry out family mental health education process, be sure to avoid long-term psychological punishment on children.
5.Development of parents in the process of cultural quality and psychological quality, cultural quality and psychological status of parents influence character by environment influence on their physical and mental health.
Chapter one A primary mental health research.
1．self centered
With the development of our national economy, the implementation of family planning, family 's only child was also increased, causing the entire family centers around the\" little emperor\"\" little princess\" to do everything for children, parents, children 's day, is to. The last cause students ego, ego, its outstanding performance is selfish. This attitude is bound to deformity. The children provide for oneself and live comfortably, growing much care, few people criticize them, suffer less easy to go to extremes, in the face of setbacks. Egocentric students, mostly withdrawn, indifference, he is the first to consider the oneself, or only consider themselves, between lack of friendly cooperation spirit. But vanity is strong, eat, wear between students in aspects of the competition, the pursuit of brand, self superiority strong, the lack of communication with others and lack of cooperation consciousness. Therefore, in interpersonal relationship, always by his classmates, have good interpersonal relationship.
(1) psychological factors
Psychological health is the essence of mental functional status, and decided to mental functional status and the
fundamental reason is that the psychological activity of the internal mechanism. Therefore, the psychological quality of students development level and internal degree of perfection of the mechanism is also affecting the psychological health level of the main reason. Specifically, there are several factors:
The first psychological contradiction and conflict.
Psychological development in the contradiction and conflict is a very common phenomenon, in some cases, some problems or mental development is the important motivation. However, when the psychological contradiction and conflict is too intense or persistent, so that the main body of relying on its own strength has been unable to deal with, may produce psychological distress, cause some psychological problems and psychological barriers. For the students, the psychological development of the main contradiction is not complete contradiction, self development and external demand contradiction: physiological development and psychological development speed is not balanced contradiction, contradiction of incongruous of development of psychological process, psychological structure. These will affect the students' psychological state, we conduct mental health education should
pay attention question.
Second. Basic need satisfaction degree
Need is the behavior of the individual is the driving force, all the activities of human beings is based on a need basis, reasonable need to satisfy the individuality full prerequisite for development. On the students, love needs, esteem needs, communication needs, is a necessary condition for the development of their mental health. If not fully meet, may lead to a lack of motivation, mood disorder, personality, abnormal reaction of deviation from such issues as. Of course, to meet the needs and not as fully as possible, some require excessive meet will also cause psychological development problems. As in a home grant whatever is requested child may lead to frustration and stress drop; some long served as a class cadre of students' sense of superiority is too strong, but lead to decreased adaptation.
(2) mental weariness
Learning is a hard thing, but now some student was spoiled, always hand clothing to eat a ready-cooked meal, eat the hardship, have hard-working spirit, no perseverance to overcome the problem, therefore the result is often very poor. Some of the children because of his poor grades, feel ashamed
to show my face, but not to study hard to improve their performance, but do things by irregular ways, playing smart, even on cheating in examinations. As a result of bad or wrong, often blamed, criticism, forming the heavy psychological pressure, resulting in mental weariness. Mental weariness in addition to rebel attitude also includes students' spiritual victory. The students themselves have unpleasant things, do not actively looking for reasons to benefit, to efforts, but bad luck, find a is not the reason for the reasons to comfort themselves, accept yourself. Such as, the examination is not good, but that is their help those good students, not their difference, which show their good. 2.In the school factors
The school is student learning, the main living place, students spend most of their time in school, school education for its purpose, planned, organized and systematic characteristics and has the irreplaceable role, has great influence on the mental health of the students.
The students spent in the school for quite a long time, the psychological quality is greatly influenced by the school. The school education and students' psychological health of the most important factors.
Our country shows level to carry out the exam-oriented education, examination-oriented education in China a period plays a positive role, but with the development and progress of society, the human system more show malpractice. The exam-oriented education directly related to people 's primary and secondary school students in examination, their demands, is the textbook knowledge, the teacher is the pursuit of the proportion, of concern for her students to learning, student achievement in a fall, and there is no good for no reason, from the students' psychological problems and slowly counseling, and more is to blame or tell parents, teachers and students have led to impassable gap, there is no good for the communication between teachers and students; according to the survey, most of the teachers there are\" eccentric\" psychological, specific attention to good students, and for the poor performance of students choose to ignore, this leads to good performance the students' psychological burden, the poor performance of students downhearted, learning without passion, even were prevented from psychology, and then blindly nose or weariness from school phenomenon. Students form a kind of invisible pressure of competition, resulting in strained interpersonal relationships between students, not sincere exchanges,
resulting in a lot of students have autism or depression. First, the teaching contents and methods
The majority of our school teaching and examinational education mainly, dull teaching content, teaching method is unitary, unable to mobilize the enthusiasm of students, to a certain extent to bring the students psychological pressure. Investigation show that, quite a part of students learning anxiety, fear of school, worried about the exam, to produce a series of physical and psychological disorders, such as headaches, insomnia, neurasthenia, loss of appetite, anxiety, depression and other phenomena. Russian educationalist Ushinski said:\" the children by shape, color, sound and general feeling and thinking things; if anyone wants to force them with other ways to think about things, so he is unreasonably, harmful stress with the nature of the child.\" [16] the words appropriately summarizes the students thinking characters. As the quality education is truly implemented, the improvement of school teaching contents and methods become the consensus of educators, this will have on the pupils' mental health play a positive role in promoting. Second. Teachers' quality
The quality of teachers on students' mental health is of
vital importance, their ability, personality, teaching art, teaching methods are deeply affect the pupils. Higher quality teachers to understand students' psychological, not often in front of her class to criticize or satirical student, but considering the students' self-esteem, be good at giving systematic guidance, enable students to correctly understand themselves and others, thus forming a positive personality. Some primary school teachers' psychological healthy enough, such as overly emotional, attitude to students are highly susceptible to their emotional impact, lack of self-control, this negative and unstable emotions is often caused by some of the pupils some psychological problems and psychological barrier reason.
Third. The relationship between teachers and students
Primary school teachers in the minds of students, especially in the lower grade student 's prestige is include parents, other people cannot compare. Because of this, the relationship between teachers and students the quality of the pupil 's influence is very obvious and profound. Good relationship between teachers and students can make the students to study has an active interest in the school life, to feel good, have a positive and optimistic attitude. However,
due to the small number of teachers in educational idea is backward, cause of education behavior often exists certain deviation, not with the students to build up a democratic and equal relationship, which will be on the healthy development of students have direct adverse effects.
(3) the social environment is the impact of primary mental health factors
Social environmental factors including population, housing, the environment, transportation, public security, life of average per capita level, entertainment etc.. Pupils living in the real social environment, the social environment factors bound to their psychological development have positive or negative effects. 3.The family factors
The family is the portrayal of a child character, emotion, will, form healthy psychology important place. Parsons put the family called\" personality of manufacturing factory\". Parents psychological quality, moral behavior, culture on children's achievement and growth, plays a vital role in.
Primary school stage is the individual self concept gradually formed an important period, due to their lack of life experience, not a correct understanding of life, world outlook,
outlook on life, values of fuzzy, lack of dealing with problems and the ability to distinguish right from wrong, extremely easy to go mental \"detour\". On students' psychological health education, so that they have mental health is very important. This means, the teacher not only to complete the\" preaching, imparting knowledge, doubts\" task, should also be a qualified counselors, assume carry out psychological health education is the new task. I later as a primary school teacher, on the pupils' psychological health education work to recognize and communicate with everyone.
The second chapter Teachers of primary and secondary school students mental health education
1．teachers themselves should have healthy psychology and master the knowledge of psychological health
Teachers are architects of the human soul. Their thoughts, words and actions, will be to bring the students play a decisive role influence, therefore, requires teachers should not only have high professional knowledge, but also have good psychological quality. At the same time, teachers should master certain knowledge of mental health, in education and teaching time to \" student mental health counselors\" identity into the students' mind in education. When students in need of care, help,
only teachers selfless to student Qingsa the nectar of love, in order to better shape, purify the hearts of the students. Only students in Teachers' true, true, true love cultivate, can have a healthy psychology, will be more actively engaged in the learning life.
2．pay attention to students' psychological state, and create a good psychological environment in classroom
As a teacher, we must not only attach importance to students' academic development, must also pay attention to students' physical and mental health. Although teachers master some knowledge of psychology, but also can be a good understanding of the psychology of students, most teachers think that students psychological problems can be smoothly done or easily solved with the growth of age. In fact, students have their special psychology, their psychological than adult sensitive, fragile. In some teachers encounter\" problem childhe first thought is to family reasons, to transfer to the parents, not squat body and students communicate directly, so often hurt children's self-esteem, make them lose confidence, become silent, solitary, which directly lead to students psychological problems. A good psychological environment in classroom teaching is not only high quality guarantee, and
cultivating the students' healthy psychological security. Psychology research shows that: the harmonious, pleasant atmosphere helps students to actively participate in classroom activities. In the teaching, teachers should play a guiding role, organizer, cooperation, create the best psychological atmosphere, make students' emotional experience, thought to get recognition, mental communication, emotional regulation, behavior are normative, enable students to fully display themselves, so that students can learn in the joyful atmosphere to understand, learn well. This not only enhances the students' learning interest, confidence and courage, but also cultivate students' mutual cooperation, joint research and positive spirit. Only the students approached the teacher, and the teacher become friends, can have healthy psychology
3． In meet the students' reasonable needs, from set up the correct outlook on life
Reasonable to meet students' legitimate needs, is the primary form and maintain healthy psychology basic conditions. Pupils' reasonable needs include the survival and development of the necessary material needs, security needs, communication and the need of love, respect and trust to pupils' reasonable needs, if not appropriate to meet, will affect the normal growth,
there will not be a mental health. Therefore, in the process of pupils' mental health education, teachers should give full play to the function of education, as well as possible for the students to create conditions, opportunities, meet the needs of students, to meet the needs of targeted using different methods to guide actively, make basic things of good and evil, beauty and ugliness, is not judge, screening. Pupil due to lack of judgment and self-control, is easy to meet the needs of the impulse drive, be unhealthy or unfair factors, take inappropriate methods and ways of satisfying, which leads to wrong behavior, which requires us to engage in pupils' mental health education counselor and teacher can according to the knowledge of the parties concerned, be good at identifying, discover in time, effectively giving control, treatment and guidance, let the students have a healthy psychological, healthy development.
4．the establishment of student mental health files, multi-level, all-round track students' Psychology
The pupils' mental health education is a long term work, establishment of mental health files for the students is very necessary. Mental health profile of content can be according to the school and student's specific circumstances, to include
the student's personality, intelligence, learning
adaptability, learning ability, life skills, ability to adapt the society and the family, the relationship between teachers and students, students relationship. Students' mental health files can provide scientific basis for mental health education, to develop targeted education, and can prevent the occurrence of various psychological problems. The students themselves can also be through psychological archives better understand themselves, grasp their own inner world, to better tap their own potential, yangchangbuduan.
The students' psychological health education is a long-term, difficult process, but as long as we educational workers pay sincere, true, true love, all the \"from the heart\" to start, we can let the children have a healthy psychology.
The third chapter Family on children's psychological health education
1.the implementation of family mental health education is the premise of change idea.
In today 's quality education, must change the past that only children intelligence level, ignoring the psychological health level, personality development level stereotypes. Without a doubt, a psychological health of children is not a
good moral. In real life, some children may only seem very obedient, grades are good, but the feeling is thin, weak, fragile personality, in rounded areas such as the development potential is very limited. The fact that a large number of educational practice, ideal, ambition, enterprising, diligence, hard work, perseverance, open-minded, good personality, to promote children's learning, development and it has an important role, as parents must take mental health as a child education target and content to full attention. Family education should be focus on book knowledge to focus on how to teach children the right man direction change. As a teacher of the Enlightenment of the parents for the children to create a good family atmosphere, with its cheerful, open-minded personality, democracy and equality in education style to influence a child, make love without favor, while strict degree.
2.the implementation of family mental health education is the basis for understanding the child.
Parents must understand the child's personality, ideal, emotion, interest and abilities of individual quality. In general children good activity, good imitation, curious, inquisitive, also has successfully, praise, love like craving
for sympathy and understanding of psychology. The children are in the rapid development period of physiological, psychological, they do in learning, activities, the heart is always full of contradictions. They also often have conflicts with the outside world, is in an unstable state, often have a variety of psychological and behavioral problems. This is the family education in the special problems. Problems in children are not perfect results in psychological. Apparently, their problem is not come unexpectedly, often have a longer latency, there are always some performance. Such as self-conscious or eccentric, often with their parents and peers had a dispute, not hostile, cooperation. If the initial attention, check erroneous ideas at the outset, can make these children get to adapt to living environment, the development of good moral character and personality of the new favorable factors. 3.the implementation of family mental health education is the key to trust the children.
The relationship between parents and their children, seniors and juniors is the relationship, and are friends. The parents of the children should respect, understand, care; parents of their children should respect, trust, love, help. In daily life between parents and their children of
disagreement or conflict, should be equality, on the basis of trust, by democratic negotiation method, and be good at giving systematic guidance, patient inspiration, move them. Usually, more respect for the child 's personality, trust them, care about their daily activities, as far as possible to meet their legitimate aspirations and demands, so that they truly feel friendly, lovely, parents can trust. So the children are willing to put his own mind, secrets of the heart to tell parents to listen to the children, the largest trust. At the same time, the parents must fully believe that the child's potential, they may have an unexpected life skills. Therefore, every child matters, no matter in the life, study, parents should not for others, but should give more instructive to help.
4 .the implementation of family mental health education process, be sure to avoid long-term psychological punishment on children.
Children lack of life experience, sometimes the wrong thing, parents every day scold or often mention it, long time refused, will make the child mood of melancholy, even well into adulthood. Some problems of children themselves have emotional disorders, if the parents themselves easy impulse, will be more serious. Not in learning, entrance to exert pressure on their children,
their children 's achievement as the evaluation standard in the course of time, the children, the children have aversive learning, mental disorder such as hate exam. Family education is an important part of education, the impact on children is far-reaching. All parents hope that their children can rise head and shoulders above others, Jackie Chan Fung, let us start from now on child psychology, so that children can have a good psychological state for their opportunities and challenges. 5.On of parents in the process of cultural quality and psychological quality, cultural quality and psychological status of parents influence character by environment influence on their physical and mental health.
If our parents' literacy is high, use their knowledge and strong desire to influence and education of their children, their indomitable enterprising spirit cultivation. The end
In conclusion, primary school students are the future of the motherland, is the hope of the nation, is the socialism modernization builders and successors of the motherland, is the realization of the great rejuvenation of the hope. According to the psychological characteristics of primary school and mental health problems take scientific measures, family,
school, society should cooperate closely, strengthen the students' psychological health education, actively promote quality education, advancing with the times, blaze new trails, to the education of our country is more brilliant. Strengthening the psychological health education in primary school has important and far-reaching significance, and strive to cultivate the talent needed by the development in the new century, make the society more harmonious.
works cited
[1] . 浅论小学生心理健康的必要性. [2] . 小学生常见心理辅导汇编. [3]李东红：学生心理辅导 21世纪的教育选择 广东教育出版社2008年 [4] 《小学上健康心理发展能力》上海文化出版社，2006 [5] 高 平. 影响中小学生心理健康的因素分析[J ]天津师范大学学报(社科版) ,2002 , (2) :76 - 80. [6]《教学与管理》
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