[模拟] MBA联考英语模拟12
Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one to complete the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil
The cellphone, a device we have lived with for more than a decade, offers a good example of a popular technology's unforeseen side effects. More than one billion are__1__use around the world, and when asked, their__2__say they love their phones for the safety and convenience__3__provide. People also report that they are__4__in their use of their phones. One opinion survey__5__that \"98 percent of Americans say they move away from__6__when talking on a wireless phone in public\"__7__\"86 percent say they 'never' or 'rarely' speak__8__wireless phones\" when conducting__9__with clerks or bank tellers. Clearly, there exists a__10__between our reported cellphone behavior and our actual behavior.
Cellphone users—that is to say, most of us—are__11__instigators and victims of this form of conversational panhandling, and it__12__a cumulatively negative effect on social space. As the sociologist Erving Gotfman observed in another__13__, there is something deeply disturbing about people who are \"__14__contact” in social situations because they are blatantly refusing to__15__to the norms of their immediate environment. Placing a cellphone call in public instantly transforms the strangers around you__16__unwilling listeners who must cede to your use of the public__17__a decidedly undemocratic effect for so
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democratic a technology. Listeners don't always passively__18__this situation: in recent years, people have been pepper-sprayed in movie theaters,__19__from concert halls and deliberately rammed with cars as a result of __20__behavior on their cellphones.
第1题：
A.of
B.for
C.in
D.by
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为名词短语的固定搭配，in use意为“使用中，被……使用”。其他选项均搭配不当。
第2题：
A.masters
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B.owners
C.holders
D.inventors
参考答案：B 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为名词的词义辨析，owners物主，所有人。其他选项：A．masters主人，雇主；C．holders持有者，占有者；D．inventors发明者，据上下文，只有B才符合题意。
第3题：
A.they
B.who
C.that
D.which
参考答案：A 您的答案：
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答案解析：
本题的考点为上下文句子结构辨析。根据上文，they love their phones for the safety and convenience(他们因为其安全性和方便而喜欢手机)此处是一个定语从句，即the safety and convenience(that) they provide．句中的they指的是phones。其余选项不能与provide构成主谓搭配。
第4题：
A.careful
B.careless
C.courteous
D.cautious
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为形容词的词义辨析，此句意思是：有礼貌的使用电话。根据下文“98 percent of Americans say they move away from…”可知C为正确答案。其余选项：A careful小心地；B．careless粗心的；D．cautious谨慎的，均不符合题意。
第5题：
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A.expressed
B.exposed
C.discovered
D.found
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为动词的词义辨析。One opinion survey found一项意见调查发现。其余选项搭配不当：A．expressed表达；B．exposed暴露；C．discovered发现，发觉。
第6题：
A.other
B.others
C.the other
D.another
参考答案：B 您的答案：
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答案解析：
本题的考点为代词的词义辨析。move away from others离开他人。其余选项A other为形容词，其他的；C．the other(两个中的)另一个；D．another又一个。
第7题：
A.and tha
B.as for
C.whereas
D.on the contrary
参考答案：A 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为连词的辨析使用，此处需要一个并列连接One opinion survey found that…and that…一项意见调查发现……并且……。其余选项B．as for至于； C．whereas然而：D．on the contrary正相反，均不合题意。
第8题：
A.on
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B.by
C.via
D.from
参考答案：A 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为介词辨析使用。Speak on wireless phones(用无线电话讲话)，telephone为固定搭配。其余选项B．by，C．via，D．from都搭配不当。
第9题：
A.act
B.actions
C.operations
D.transactions
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
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on the
conducting transactions with…(与……进行交易)。其余选项都不合题意： A acts行动；B．actions动作，举动；C．operations运转，操作。
第10题：
A.limit
B.gulf
C.river
D.boundary
参考答案：B 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为名词的词义辨析。gulf海湾，此处引申为“隔阂”，a gulf between(感情，意见等)之间的分歧，隔阂。其他选项A．limit限制；C．river河流； D．boundary分界线，均不合题意。
第11题：
A.either
B.neither
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C.both
D.all
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为连词的词义辨析。both instigators and victims既是煽动者，又是受害者。其他选项搭配不当。
第12题：
A.has
B.had
C.has had
D.had had
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为时态的辨析，“it has had a cumulatively negative effect on social
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space它已经对社会空间产生了累积性的负面影响。根据上下文，此处应该用现在完成时态，故选项C为正确答案。
第13题：
A.place
B.location
C.spot
D.context
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为名词的上下文词义辨析，in another context在另外的情况下。选项A．place地方；B．location场所：C．spot地点，都没有“情况”的意思，不符合题意。
第14题：
A.in
B.out of
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C.on
D.with
参考答案：B 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题考的是介词的搭配，out of contact脱离接触。其余选项：A．in contact接触；不符合逻辑，C．on，D．with搭配不当。
第15题：
A.insist
B.adhere
C.continue
D.attach
参考答案：B 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为动词的词义辨析与搭配。adhere to sth．坚持。本题考的是动词与介词
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的搭配。A．insist后面接on，upon；C．continue后面接with；D．attach为及物动词。
第16题：
A.and
B.in
C.into
D.from
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为动词与介词的搭配，transforms…into…(将……转变成……)，其他选项介词搭配不当。
第17题：
A.space
B.phone
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C.service
D.facility
参考答案：A 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为名词的上下文搭配，use of the public space公共场所的使用。其余选项不符合上下文语境。
第18题：
A.have
B.find
C.receive
D.accept
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为动宾结构的辨析，passively accept this situation被动地接受这种情况。
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本题考的是动宾搭配。A．have，B．find，C．receive都不能和situation形成通顺的搭配。
第19题：
A.refused
B.ejected
C.rejected
D.repelled
参考答案：B 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题考的是对本文内容的理解和近义词辨析，ejected from concert halls逐出音乐厅。A．refused拒绝；C．rejected抵制：D．repelled击退，均不合题意。
第20题：
A.good
B.poor
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C.polite
D.rude
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题的考点为形容词与名词的搭配及对上下文语境的正确理解，rude behavior on their cellphones使用手机的粗鲁行为。A．good和C．polite不合题意，而B．poor的搭配不当，所以只有B为正确答案。
Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.
Text 1
Prices arc sky-high, with profits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces wrenching change, says an expert of energy.
\"The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending.\" That was the gloomy forecast delivered in February by Dave O'Reilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to hundreds of oilmen gathered for a
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conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the sentiment: \"The world should forget about cheap oil.\"
The surge in oil prices, from $10 a barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sustained higher prices. But whenever a \"new era\" in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joining Messrs O'Reilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new \"price floor\" of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubble that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answering: why did the oil price soar? And what could keep it high?
To make matters more complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single \"oil price\": rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at different prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two reference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But when ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of heavier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentioned in this survey are per barrel of WTI.
The recent volatility in prices is only one of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits, this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut
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out to cope with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond to efforts by governments to deal with oil's serious environmental and geopolitical side-effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.
第21题：
Dave O'Reilly and Hugo Chavez believe that
A.prices of oil and natural gas are very high.
B.prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.
C.oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.
D.the world has forgotten about cheap oil.
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为简单推论题，石油和天然气将保持持续的高价。根据第2段第1句“The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending．”可得出此答案。count on依靠，指望。选项A为事实情况；选项B太绝对，选项D不是believe的内容，所以正确答案为C。
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第22题：
Judging from paragraph 3, we may infer that oil prices will
A.enter into a \"new era\".
B.reach a new \"price floor\".
C.get to a new high.
D.be hard to predict.
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为简单推论题，很难预报。第3段提到，关于未来石油的价格，两个阵营(camp)持不同观点，一些人认为价格会降到最低点(a new “price floor\")，另一些人则认为油价有攀升的迹象，油价究竟是涨还是降，这很难说，因此选项D为正确答案。
第23题：
According to the passage \"West Texas Intermediate\" (Para.4) refers to
A.an oil industry.
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B.an oil company.
C.a government organization.
D.a kind of crude oil.
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为词汇语义题，一种原油。根据第4段第2句two reference crudes：Brent from the North Sea，or West Texas Intermediate(WTI)，我们便不难判断，文中的“West Texas Intermediate”是指一种原油。
第24题：
In the author's opinion, the key to oil price is
A.energy crisis.
B.dozens of varieties of crude trading.
C.several challenges facing the oil industry.
D.the rise of resource nationalism.
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参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为推论题，石油资源国家主义的崛起。从文章的最后一段可得出此推论：…which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves．This is essential to replace their existing reserves，which are rapidly declining．选项A过于笼统，而选项B、C则与问题不相关。
第25题：
What is the tone of the passage?
A.Humorous.
B.Indifferent.
C.Serious.
D.Anxious.
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为作者观点题，严肃的。从全文的整个内容看，作者的语气是严肃的，
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A．Humorous幽默的；B．Indifferent；漠不关心的；D．Anxious忧虑的；都不妥帖，所以正确答案为C。
Text 2
Every spring migrating salmon return to British Columbia's rivers to spawn. And every spring new reports detail fresh disasters that befall them. This year is no different. The fisheries committee of Canada's House of Commons and a former chief justice of British Columbia, Bryan Williams, have just examined separately why 1.3 m sockeye salmon mysteriously \"disappeared\" from the famed Fraser river fishery in 2004. Their conclusions point to a politically explosive conflict between the survival of salmon and the rights of First Nations, as Canadians call Indians
In 2004, only about 524,000 salmon are thought to have returned to the spawning grounds, barely more than a quarter the number who made it four years earlier. High water temperatures may have killed many. The House of Commons also lambasted the federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) for poor scientific data, and for failing to enforce catch levels. Four similar reports since 1992 have called for the department's reform. In vain: its senior officials are \"in denial\" about its failings, said the committee.
Mr. Williams' report added a more shocking twist. He concluded that illegal fishing on the Fraser river is \"rampant and out of control\“no-go” zones where fisheries officers are told not to confront Indian poachers for fear of violence. The judge complained that the DFO withheld a report by one of its investigators
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which detailed extensive poaching and sale of salmon by members of the Cheam First Nation, some of whom were armed.
Some First Nations claim an unrestricted right to fish and sell their catch. Canada's constitution acknowledges the aboriginal right to fish for food and for social and ceremonial needs, but not a general commercial right. On the Fraser, however, the DFO has granted Indians a special commercial fishery. To some Indians, even that is not enough.
Both reports called for more funds for the DFO, to improve data collection and enforcement. They also recommended returning to a single legal regime for commercial fishing applying to all Canadians.
On April 14th, Geoff Regan, the federal fisheries minister, responded to two previous reports from a year ago. One, from a First Nations group, suggested giving natives a rising share of the catch. The other proposed a new quota system for fishing licences, and the conclusion of long-standing talks on treaties, including fishing rights, with First Nations. Mr. Regan said his department would spend this year consulting \"stakeholders\" (natives, commercial and sport fishermen). It will also launch pilot projects aimed at improving conservation, enforcement and First Nations' access to fisheries.
第26题：
The \"explosive conflict\" in Para 1 refers to
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A.Salmon's return to spawn and its survival.
B.The fisheries committee of Canada's House of Commons and Bryan Williams
C.The struggle between sockeye salmon and human beings.
D.The collision between salmon's survival and human fishery.
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为语义题，鲑鱼的生存与人类的捕鱼之间的冲突。参见第1段最后一句： Their conclusions point to a politically explosive conflict between the survival of salmon and the rights of First Nations，as Canadians call Indians．由此可见此处的“爆发性的冲突”指的是鲑鱼的生存与人类的捕鱼之间的冲突。
第27题：
The number of salmon every spring in British Columbia's rivers four years earlier is
A.1.3 million.
B.about 524,000.
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C.about 1,824,000.
D.above 2,000,000.
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为简单推论题，200万以上。第2段谈到，2004年只有大约524000条鲑鱼回来产卵，仅为4年前的1/4。A．1.3million是2004年失踪的数量，B．524000是2004年的总数， 4年前的的总量应为524000的4倍，即200万以上，所以D为正确答案。
第28题：
Which of the following is NOT the reason for the decrease of salmon according to Mr Williams?
A.High water temperatures.
B.Shocking twist.
C.Illegal fishing.
D.Officials' failings.
参考答案：B 您的答案：
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答案解析：
本题为判断题，骇人听闻的歪曲。根据文章的2，3段可知A．High water temperatures(水温高)，C．Illegal fishing非法捕鱼，D．Officials’failings官员执法不力，这些都是鲑鱼数量减少的原因，所以只有B不是其原因。
第29题：
Geoff Regan, the federal fisheries minister is most probably going to
A.responding to two previous reports.
B.proposing a new quota system for fishing licences.
C.consulting natives, commercial and sport fishermen.
D.keeping a balance between conservation, enforcement and fisheries.
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题是推论题，对渔业保护、法令实施和捕鱼几方面做出权衡。参加原文最后一段的最后两句：Mr. Regan said his department would spend this year consulting“stakeholders”(natives，commercial and sport fishermen)．It will also launch pilot projects aimed at improving conservation，enforcement and First Nations’access
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to fisheries．由此可见渔业部长 Geoff Regan将对渔业保护、法令实施和捕鱼几方面做出权衡。
第30题：
The best title for the passage may be
A.Where have the salmon gone9
B.How to protect the salmon?
C.Environment and fishery
D.The survival of salmon and the rights of First Nations
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为主旨题，鲑鱼的生存与印第安人的捕鱼权。综合全文的要点，我们不难做出这一判断。选项A、B作为题目其范围太窄，而选项D的题目太大，所涉及的范围太泛，因此都不宜作为文章标题。
Text 3
Asia's real boat-rocker is a growing China, not Japan, a senior American
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economist observed.
There is so much noise surrounding and emanating from the world's miracle economy that it is becoming cacophonous. In Washington, DC, the latest idea is that China is becoming too successful, perhaps even dangerously so: while Capitol Hill resounds with complaints of trade surpluses and currency manipulation, the Pentagon and sundry think-tanks echo to a new drumbeat of analysts worrying about China's 12.6% annual rise in military spending and about whether it might soon have the ability to take pre-emptive military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it. So it may be no coincidence that for three consecutive weekends the streets of big Chinese cities have been filled with the sounds of demonstrators marching and rocks being thrown, all seeking to send a different message: that Japan is the problem in Asia, not China, because of its wanton failure to face up to its history; and that by cosying up to Japan in security matters, America is allying with Asia's pariah.
Deafness is not the only risk from all this noise. The pressure towards protectionism in Washington is strong, and could put in further danger not only trade with China but also the wider climate for trade liberalisation in the Doha round of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). So far words have been the main weapons used between China and Japan, but there is a chance that nationalism in either or both countries could lead the governments to strike confrontational poses over their territorial disputes in the seas that divide them, even involving their navies. And the more that nationalist positions become entrenched in both countries but especially China, the more that street protests could become stirred
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up, perhaps towards more violence.
All these issues are complex ones and, as is often the case in trade and in historical disputes, finding solutions is likely to be far from simple. A revaluation of the yuan, as demanded in Congress, would not re-balance trade between America and China, though it might help a little, in due course. A \"sincere\" apology by Japan for its wartime atrocities might also help a little, but it would not suddenly turn Asia's natural great-power rivals into bosom buddies. For behind all the noise lies one big fact: that it is the rise of China, not the status or conduct of Japan, that poses Asia's thorniest questions.
第31题：
From the first paragraph we may see that America's attitude towards China's success is
A.friendly.
B.hostile.
C.objective.
D.prejudiced.
参考答案：B 您的答案：
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答案解析：
本题是一道推论题，敌意的。可以通过本段中这样一些词语得出这一判断：China is becoming too successful，even dangerously so，Capitol Hill resounds with complaints， worrying about China's 12.6% annual rise in military spending，force Taiwan to rejoin it等等。由此可见，美国对中国的成就所持的态度是敌意的，不友好的。选项A．友好的；选项C．客观的，都不符合原文意思，选项D．带偏见的，程度轻了，所以正确答案为B。
第32题：
Judging from the context, \"think-tanks\"(Line 5, Para.2,) probably means
A.Tanks that can think as human beings.
B.An institute or group organized for interdisciplinary research.
C.A group of authoritative people.
D.Scholars and professional men.
参考答案：B 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为词汇题，智囊团。根据文中的the Pentagon and sundry think-tanks可知
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think-tanks与the Pentagon(五角大楼，美国国防部)为并列关系，是institute or group之类组织机构，因此答案为B。
第33题：
What is the reason for the demonstrations in the streets of big Chinese cities?
A.China takes military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it.
B.Japan is the problem in Asia, not China.
C.Japan is unwilling to face up to its history.
D.America is allying with Asia's pariah.
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为细节题，日本不愿正视历史问题。参见第3段后两句：…all seeking to send a different message：that Japan is the problem in Asia，not China，because of its wanton failure to face up to its history。
第34题：
How will the territorial disputes between China and Japan be settled
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according to the author?
A.By words and negotiations.
B.With their navies.
C.Through more violence.
D.By means beyond his knowledge.
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为判断题，作者不得而知的手段。参见第3段：迄今为止两国只有言论战(So far words have been the main weapons used between China and Japan)，但有可能会形成两国政府之间的对峙(could lead the governments to strike confrontational poses)，甚至动用海军 (even involving their navies)。由此可见，对于中日之间的领土争端如何解决，作者不得而知。
第35题：
According to the author the main cause of the issues in Asia is
A.trade and historical disputes.
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B.the appreciation of the yuan.
C.Japan's refusal of apology for its wartime atrocities.
D.the rise of China.
参考答案：D 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题是推论题，中国的崛起。参见文章的最后一句：For behind all the noise lies one big fact：that it is the rise of China，not the status or conduct Of Japan，that poses Asia's thorniest questions．由此可见，按作者的观点，亚洲的这些问题主要源于中国的崛起。
Text 4
It has been a wretched few weeks for America's celebrity bosses. AIG’s Maurice Greenberg has been dramatically ousted from the firm through which he dominated global insurance for decades. At Morgan Stanley a mutiny is forcing Philip Purcell, a boss used to getting his own way, into an increasingly desperate campaign to save his skin. At Boeing, Harry Stonecipher was called out of retirement to lead the scandal-hit firm and raise ethical standards, only to commit a lapse of his own, being sacked for sending e- mails to a lover who was also an employee. Carly Fiorina was the most powerful woman in corporate America until
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a few weeks ago, when Hewlett-Packard (HP) sacked her for poor performance. The fate of Bernie Ebbers is much grimmer. The once high-profile boss of WorldCom could well spend the rest of his life behind bars following his conviction last month on fraud charges.
In different ways, each of these examples appears to point to the same, welcome conclusion: that the imbalance in corporate power of the late 1990s, when many bosses were allowed to behave like absolute monarchs, has been corrected. Alas, appearances can be deceptive. While each of these recent tales of chief-executive woe is a sign of progress, none provides much evidence that the crisis in American corporate governance is yet over. In fact, each of these cases is an example of failed, not successful, governance.
At the very least, the boards of both Morgan Stanley and HP were far too slow to address their bosses' inadequacies. The record of the Boeing board in picking chiefs prone to ethical lapses is too long to be dismissed as mere bad luck. The fall of Messrs Greenberg and Ebbers, meanwhile, highlights the growing role of government—and, in particular, of criminal prosecutors—in holding bosses to account a development that is, at best, a mixed blessing. The Sarbanes-Oxley act, passed in haste following the Enron and WorldCom scandals, is imposing heavy costs on American companies; whether these are exceeded by any benefits is the subject of fierce debate and may not be known for years.
Eliot Spitzer, New York's attorney-general, is the leading advocate and practitioner of an energetic \"law enforcement\" approach. He may be right that the
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recent burst of punitive actions has been good for the economy, even if some of his own decisions have been open to question. Where he is undoubtedly right is in arguing that corporate America has done a lamentable job of governing itself. As he says in all article in the Wall Street Journal this week: \"The honour code among CEOs didn't work. Board oversight didn't work. Self-regulation was a complete failure.\" AIG's board, for example, did nothing about Mr. Greenberg's use of murky accounting, or the conflicts posed by his use of offshore vehicles, or his constant bullying of his critics—let alone the firm's alleged participation in bid-rigging—until Mr. Spitzer threatened a criminal prosecution that might have destroyed the firm.
第36题：
In the opening paragraph, the author introduce his topic by
A.citing America's celebrity bosses.
B.listing a number of America's celebrity bosses.
C.depicting the plight of some reputed American bosses.
D.writing some most powerful persons in American firms.
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
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本题为简单推断题，描述一些大名鼎鼎的美国老板的困境。第1段作者通过描述5个大名鼎鼎的美国老板的可叹结局，介绍了文章的主题内容：这些昔日名声显赫，大权在握的老板，最终都被戏剧性地驱逐出了公司(dramatically ousted from the firm)。
第37题：
From the passage we get to know that
A.America's bosses no longer have absolute power.
B.the conviction of last month declares fraud charges.
C.there is a crisis in American corporate governance.
D.the America's celebrity bosses are deceptive.
参考答案：A 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为推论题，美国的大老板们不再拥有绝对的权力。第1段提到5个美国大老板被夺权的厄运，接着得出这样一个结论：the imbalance in corporate power of the late 1990s， when many bosses were allowed to behave like absolute monarchs，has been corrected．(20世纪90年代那种失调的法人权得到了纠正，当时的大老板像君主那样拥有绝对的权力)，然后又用若干例证加以详述。因此正确答案为A。
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第38题：
The author's attitude toward ousting the America's celebrity bosses is
A.sympathetic.
B.supportive.
C.indifferent.
D.uninterested.
参考答案：B 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题是主旨题，支持的。根据文章的上下文(尤其是第2段)我们不难看出作者对这种做法持支持态度：each of these examples appears to point to the same，welcome conclusion；the imbalance … has been corrected；In fact，each Of these cases is an example of failed，not successful，governance；等等。
第39题：
What does the author mean by \"a mixed blessing\" (Line 5, Para.3)?
A.All kinds of good things.
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B.Something mixed with confusion.
C.Something both good and bad.
D.Something mixed with optimistic and pessimistic results.
参考答案：C 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题为语义题，好坏掺半之事。mixed混合的；混杂的；如：mixed economy兼私有与国有经济的混合经济；blessing幸福，可喜的事情；此处的“a mixed blessing”也即是“好坏掺半之事”。
第40题：
As for the issues involved in the economy, Eliot Spitzer would in favor of
A.\"Law enforcement” approach.
B.Decisions open to question.
C.The honour code among CEOs.
D.Board oversight and Self-regulation
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参考答案：A 您的答案：
答案解析：
本题是推论题，法律实施的途径。参见文章最后一段。作者认为，他也许是对的，因为惩罚诉讼有利于经济发展(punitive actions has been good for the economy)。由此可见Eliot Spitzer倡导将法律实施的途径用于经济领域。
Cloze Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.
[A]. The consequence of losing bones
[B]. A better lab than on earth
[C]. Two different cases
[D]. Multiple effects form weightlessness
[E]. How to overcome weightlessness
[F]. Factors that are not so sure
During weightlessness, the forces within the body undergo dramatic change. Because the spine is no longer compressed, people grow taller. The lungs, heart
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and other organs within the chest have no weight, and as a result, the rib cage and chest relax and expand. Similarly, the weights of he liver, kidneys, stomach and bowels disappear. One astronaut said after his flight: \"You feel our guts floating up. I found myself tightening my belly, sort of pushing things back.\"
41.______
Meanwhile muscles and bones come to be used in different ways. Our muscles are designed to support us when stand or sit upright and to move body parts. But in space, muscles used for support on the ground are no longer needed for that purpose; moreover, the muscles used for movement around a capsule differ from those used for walking down a hall. Consequently, some muscles rapidly weaken. This doesn't present a problem to space travelers as long as they perform only light work. But preventing the loss of muscle tissue required for heavy work during space walks and preserving muscle for safe return to Earth are the subject of many current experiments.
Studies have shown that astronauts lose bone mass from the lower spine, hips and upper leg at a rate of about 1 percent per month for the entire duration of their time in space. Some sites, such as the heel, lose calcium faster than others. Studies of animals taken into space suggest that bone formation also declines.
42.______
Needless to say, these data are indeed cause for concern. During space flight,
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the loss of bone elevates calcium levels in the body, potentially causing kidney stones and calcium crystals to form in other tissues. Back on the ground, the loss of bone calcium stops within one month, but scientists do not yet know whether the bone recovers completely: too few people have flown in space for long periods. Some bone loss may be permanent, in which case ex-astronauts will always be more prone to broken bones.
43.______
These questions mirror those in our understanding of how the body works here on Earth. For example, elderly women are prone to a loss of bone mass. Scientists understand that many different factors can be involved in this loss, but they do not yet know how the factors act and interact; this makes it difficult to develop an appropriate treatment. So it is with bone loss in space, where the right prescription still awaits discovery.
44.______
Many other body systems are affected directly and indirectly. One example is the lung. Scientists have studied the lung in space and learned much they could not have learned in laboratories on earth. On the ground the top and bottom parts of the lung have different patterns of air flow and blood flow. But are these patterns the result only of gravity, or also of the nature of the lung itself? Only recently have studies in space provided clear evidence for the latter. Even in the absence of gravity, different parts of the lung have different levels of air flow and blood flow.
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45.______
Not everything that affects the body during space flight is related solely to weightlessness. Also affected, for example, are the immune system and the multiple systems responsible for the amount and quality of sleep (light levels and work schedules disrupt the body's normal rhythms). Looking out the spacecraft window just before going to sleep (an action difficult to resist, considering the view) can let enough bright light into the eye to trigger just the wrong brain response, leading to poor sleep. As time goes on, the sleep debt accumulates.
For long space voyages, travelers must also face being confined in a tight volume, unable to escape, isolated from the normal life of Earth, living with a small, fixed group of companions who often come from different cultures. These challenges can lead to anxiety, depression, crew tension and other social issues, which affect astronauts just as much as weightlessness—perhaps even more. Because these factors operate at the same time the body is adapting to other environmental changes, it may not be clear which physiological changes result from which factors. Much work remains to be done.
第41题：
__________
您的答案：
41
参考答案：
C
详细解答：
两种不同的情况。文章第2段的大意是：与此同时肌肉、骨骼开始以不同的方式运动。在地球上，肌肉用于支撑身体，或站或坐，或活动身体的各部位。但是太空中，在地面上用于支撑身体的骨骼肌不再需要起这种作用了，而且人们在太空舱中活动所动用的肌肉与在地面上行走所动用的肌肉完全不同，因此部分肌肉迅速地萎缩。所以小标题C符合本段的题意。
第42题：
__________
您的答案：
参考答案：
A
详细解答：
骨质损耗的后果。文章第4段的大意是：不需质疑，这些数据的确使人焦虑。在太空飞行中，骨质损耗会造成体内钙质比例的增高，可能会引起肾结石及软组织的钙化。返回
42
地面后，骨骼中的钙流失现象会在一个月内停止，但科学家们尚不清楚，骨骼是否能完全的恢复：只有少数人有过长时间太空飞行的经历。一些骨质疏松的情况也许是永久性的，因此前宇航员通常比常人更容易骨折。所以小标题A符合本段的题意。
第43题：
__________
您的答案：
参考答案：
F
详细解答：
一些不太确定的因素。文章第5段的大意是：这些问题映射出人体在地球遇到的类似问题。例如，老年妇女易患骨质疏松症。科学家知道造成骨质疏松症的因素很多，但他们尚未弄清这些因素是如何起作用，又是如何相互作用的，因而很难研制出一种合适的治疗方案。太空中的骨质疏松症也同样如此，要开出对症的药方还需耐心等待。这一段的内容正好与小标题F相匹配。
第44题：
__________
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您的答案：
参考答案：
B
详细解答：
比地球上更好的实验室。文章第6段前两句话的大意是：身体的很多其他系统也会直接或间接地受到影响，例如人体的肺脏。科学家在太空对人体的肺脏进行了研究并获得了地面实验室中得不到的许多成果。由此可认定与小标题B相匹配，因此选项B为本段的最佳标题。
第45题：
__________
您的答案：
参考答案：
D
详细解答：
失重造成的多重影响。文章第7段的大意是：在太空飞行中，并非所有对人体产生影
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响的因素只与失重有关。例如，人体的免疫功能的下降、睡眠时间和质量的下降 (光照及无序的工作时间表会打乱人体的正常节奏)。睡觉前，透过太空船窗户向外看一眼(考虑到窗外的景致，这种举动一般难以抑制)会使足够多的亮光进入你的眼睛，引起大脑的错误反应，从而导致睡眠质量的下降。随着滞留太空时间的增加，缺觉会变得越来越厉害。根据这一段的内容，与小标题D正好相符，所以正确答案为D。
Translation Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
第46题：
An unremarked consequence of our new information age—one that will influence readers, writers, and publishers in the future—is that bad writing, chat speak, text, millions of message board posts that come from and lead nowhere, are having a cheapening effect on all written content. Editors and news directors today fret about the Internet as their predecessors worried about radio and TV, and all now see the huge threat the Web represents to the way they distribute their product.
The idea that the practice and craft of writing can simply retool itself for the digital age overlooks the fact that the Web is giving rise to totally unique forms of expression, a writing that is different from the kind traditionally found in books.
For lovers of literary writing, who are now watching the marketplace and
45
Internet erode the remains of nineteenth-century print culture, these assurances may not be particularly consoling. We have no choice but to accept them. Arguing against the forces of digitalization is as much a losing battle as cursing the coming of the evening tide. _______________
您的答案：
参考答案：
我们所处的信息新时代所带来的一个不为大家所注意的结果就是糟糕的写作、闲聊式的语言文字，无数来无影去无踪的文本框信息——这一切使文字内容大打折扣，对未来的读者、作者和编辑将产生很大影响。今天的编辑和新闻主管对互联网感到非常苦恼，恰如他们的前辈们担心收音机和电视会抢了自己饭碗似地深感担忧。他们都将网络视为极大的威胁，担心网络会直接威胁到他们的产品销路。 有一种观念认为，加强练习及写作技巧就可以更新写作，就可以跟上数字时代的步伐。这种观点忽视了这样一种事实：网络正在引发一种完全独特的表达形式，这种写作完全不同于传统的书本写作。 对于喜爱文学写作的人来说，他们现在正目睹着图书市场和互联网侵蚀着19世纪印刷文化的残余，这些保证可能并不那么令人宽慰。我们没有别的选择，只得接受它们。与数字化抗争只会是一场必败之仗，就如同诅咒晚潮的来临一样徒劳。
详细解答：
Writing
第47题：
46
金融危机
金融危机又称金融风暴，是指一个国家或几个国家与地区的全部或大部分金融指标(如短期利率、货币资产、证券、房地产、土地价格、商业破产数和金融机构倒闭数)的急剧、短暂和超周期的恶化。
金融危机可以分为货币危机、债务危机、银行危机、次贷危机等类型。近年来的金融危机越来越呈现出某种混合形式的特征。
金融危机的特征是人们基于经济未来将更加悲观的预期，整个区域内货币值出现幅度较大的贬值，经济总量与经济规模出现较大的损失，经济增长受到打击。往往伴随着企业大量倒闭，失业率提高，社会普遍的经济萧条，甚至有些时候伴随着社会动荡或国家政治层面的动荡。
金融危机的产生大多数情况是由经济泡沫引起的，而产生危机的背景非常复杂，有多方面的因素。以21世纪最大的美国金融危机为例，追根溯源，主要有以下几方面促因。
__1)美国的消费习惯。借钱(贷款)消费是普遍的生活方式。年轻人收入少，但消费多：老年人退休后享受优越的退休金，但消费相对少。所以，年轻人多借钱消费(包括向父母借钱，这与中国不同)。而且，美国发达、完善的信用体制使几乎所有人的消费都靠借钱来完成。而从储蓄模式来看，美国人的储蓄率历来很低，近年来，一直在零储蓄率上徘徊。要消费，只能靠借钱。经济增长模式。美国的经济增长主要依靠消费驱动。其消费率长期为70%左右，投资率为15%左右，国际贸易方面严重入超。
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__2)经济管理思想。自20世纪70年代发生经济“滞涨”以后，凯恩斯主义的“国家干预”政策遭到新古典自由主义的强烈批评，此后，新自由主义思潮受到追捧。80年代的“华盛顿共识”所倡导的“经济自由、私有化、减少管制”成为指导西方国家经济走向的主要理念。
__3)经济环境与具体政策工具。美国在2000年后因高科技泡沫破裂而陷入短暂衰退之中，在美联储前主席格林斯潘的主持下，连续13次大幅度削减联邦基准利率，从最高6.5%下降到1%，强行向市场注入流动性资金，扼住了经济下滑，也拉动了美国房地产连续多年繁荣。这正是本次次贷危机乃至金融危机爆发的直接导火线。在21世纪的最初几年里，同样的低利率政策，为什么美国偏偏房地产行业得以相对发展，而不是其他行业呢?原因是：网络等高科技产业高速发展导致的泡沫破灭后，进入一个成长停滞期，抑制了大量资金对该行业的投入：20世纪六七十年代，随着劳动力成本的不断提升，美国制造业，尤其是劳动密集型产业大量外移，形成国内产业空心化，加之服务业在繁荣之后的替代更新需要一定的时滞期，所以，这些行业投资机会较少。而且，从20世纪90年代开始，美国的房产一直处于稳定的状态。在这种情况下，流动性资金开始注入该行业。 _________________
您的答案：
参考答案：
Financial Crisis Financial crisis, also known as financial tsunami, refers to the dramatic deterioration of the financial indicators of a certain country or several countries and regions in the world. It can be classified as currency crisis, debt crisis, banking crisis, sub-loan crisis, etc. The feature of the crisis is that people are
48
pessimistic about the economic future because of monetary depreciation occurring throughout the region. The causes for the crisis are complicated with multiple reasons, mainly from three aspects, i.e., the U.S. consumption habits of borrowing, the idea of free economic management, and the economic environment and specific policy instruments.
详细解答：
第48题：
你的名字叫张兵，原先在一家电脑公司任公关部主任，现调到机械进出口公司任经理。你在职务调动之际，给你原来的同事和有关单位发一份电子邮件(E-mail)，其内容应包括以下几点：
1．你的职务变动情况。
2．对曾经支持和帮助过你工作的人们表示感谢。
3．推荐继任者，并希望大家支持其工作。
4．希望今后继续保持联系。
______________________
您的答案：
49
参考答案：
(略)
详细解答：
50
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